纽约时报中文网 - 中英对照版-中英监管机构试图阻止美国代表参与中国运动员兴奋剂事件讨论

The fight between the United States and the world’s antidoping regulator over the handling of positive tests by elite Chinese swimmers has escalated in recent weeks and drawn in a powerful new player: the Biden White House.

最近几周，美国与世界反兴奋剂监管机构就如何处理中国顶尖游泳运动员阳性药检结果的争执升级，吸引了一个强大的新参与者：拜登的白宫。

The regulator, the World Anti-Doping Agency, known as WADA, informed the White House last month that its officials were seeking to bar the administration’s representative from any deliberations about positive tests by Chinese athletes at the agency’s leadership meeting this week in Turkey.

世界反兴奋剂机构上月通知白宫，本周在土耳其举行的世界反兴奋剂机构领导层会议上，该机构官员正寻求禁止美国政府的代表参与中国运动员兴奋剂检测结果呈阳性问题的任何讨论。

The attempt to exclude the official, Dr. Rahul Gupta, who is the director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, is seen as part of a larger effort by WADA to push back on American criticism of the agency’s handling of the doping allegations and to try to shut down an F.B.I. investigation into the matter.

这名美国代表系美国国家药物控制政策办公室主任拉胡尔·古普塔博士。将他排除在调查之外被视为世界反兴奋剂机构更大努力的一部分，目的是回击美国对该机构处理兴奋剂指控不力的批评，并试图阻止联邦调查局对此事的调查。

WADA’s critics say the agency’s push to have Dr. Gupta barred from the discussions is meant to undercut the United States’ ability to voice concerns over how the Chinese tests were handled before the past two Summer Olympics, and to hamstring calls for more transparency and accountability in the global antidoping system.

世界反兴奋剂机构的批评者称，该机构阻止古普塔参与讨论，旨在削弱美国在过去两届夏季奥运会前对中国检测结果处理方式表达担忧的能力，并削弱要求提高全球反兴奋剂体系透明度和问责制的呼吁。

The White House has responded forcefully, according to documents reviewed by The New York Times and interviews with government and antidoping officials. The heated back and forth is expected to come to a head on Thursday at the meeting in Turkey.

根据《纽约时报》查阅的文件以及对政府官员和反兴奋剂官员的采访，白宫做出了强有力的回应。预计周四在土耳其举行的会议上，双方的激烈交锋将达到高潮。

“Any attempt to impose preliminary measures will be met with strong opposition and appropriate action(s) from the United States government,” a top White House lawyer wrote to WADA in a previously undisclosed nine-page letter sent late last month and reviewed by The Times.

“任何实施初步措施的企图都将遭到美国政府的强烈反对和适当行动，”白宫一名高级律师上月底发给世界反兴奋剂机构的一封长达九页的信中写道，该信件此前并未公开。

The disclosure about Dr. Gupta comes as WADA has continued to pressure the United States in other ways.

古普塔一事被披露的同时，世界反兴奋剂机构还在继续以其他方式向美国施压。

The antidoping agency has refused to hand over documents in response to requests from Congressional committees conducting investigations. In July, the International Olympic Committee, WADA’s biggest backer, essentially conditioned the awarding of the 2034 Winter Olympics to Salt Lake City on pledges by local officials to help curtail inquiries by the Justice Department, the F.B.I. and Congress.

该反兴奋剂机构拒绝提交文件以回应国会委员会进行调查的要求。今年7月，世界反兴奋剂机构最大的支持者国际奥委会把2034年冬奥会的举办权授予盐湖城，实质上是以当地官员承诺帮助限制司法部、联邦调查局和国会的调查为条件的。

According to WADA’s communications to its executive board, WADA sued the United States Anti-Doping Agency, its most vocal critic, in August in Switzerland, citing what it called “sustained defamatory comments.”

根据世界反兴奋剂机构向其执行委员会提交的信函，该机构以“持续诽谤言论”为由，于8月在瑞士起诉了它最强烈的批评者——美国反兴奋剂机构。

All the while, WADA has kept up a drumbeat of criticism over how the United States handles doping cases, repeatedly pointing out that most American professional sports operate beyond the reach of the global antidoping system. Internally, WADA has been conducting a leak investigation to determine who disclosed documents to The Times, which in April published an investigation that revealed how the agency handled positive tests involving about two dozen Chinese swimmers.

与此同时，世界反兴奋剂机构一直在不断批评美国处理兴奋剂案件的方式，并一再指出，大多数美国职业体育项目都不受全球反兴奋剂体系的管控。在内部，世界反兴奋剂机构一直在进行泄密调查，以确定是谁向时报披露了文件。今年4月，时报发表了一份调查报告，揭露了该机构对20多名中国游泳运动员阳性检测结果的处理。

Dr. Gupta, the White House’s top drug official, is a member of WADA’s board, where he represents not only the United States but more than 40 countries in the Americas. Only the International Olympic Committee contributes more than the United States to WADA’s $40 million annual budget.

古普塔博士是白宫的最高毒品控制官员，也是世界反兴奋剂机构的董事会成员，他不仅代表美国，还代表美洲40多个国家。世界反兴奋剂机构每年4000万美元的预算中，只有国际奥委会的贡献超过了美国。

His potential exclusion from this week’s executive committee session in Turkey was discussed at a meeting last week among public authorities who represent five regions around the world on WADA’s board, according to two officials with direct knowledge of the conversations but who were not authorized to discuss them publicly. At that meeting, representatives from the other regions agreed to speak out against Dr. Gupta’s exclusion on Thursday.

据两名直接知情但未被授权公开讨论的官员透露，在上周的一次会议上，世界反兴奋剂机构理事会中代表全球五个地区的公共机构讨论了古普塔可能被排除在本周土耳其执委会会议之外的问题。在那次会议上，来自其他地区的代表同意在周四公开反对将古普塔排除在外。

The efforts to remove Dr. Gupta, who was celebrated by WADA at a ceremony as recently as March, have been taking place for a number of weeks and have led to a furious response from the White House.

就在今年3月，世界反兴奋剂机构还在一次仪式上对古普塔进行了表彰。将古普塔排除在外的努力已经持续了数周，并引发了白宫的强烈反应。

The White House claimed in its letter to WADA that the agency’s top leaders had orchestrated the attempt to sideline Dr. Gupta through an anonymous conflict-of-interest complaint that accused him of attending meetings without disclosing his knowledge of a criminal investigation into the Chinese case.

白宫在给世界反兴奋剂机构的信中称，该机构的高层领导通过匿名的利益冲突投诉，指责古普塔在参加会议时没有透露他对中国案件的刑事调查的了解，从而策划了这起试图排挤古普塔的事件。

In response to questions from The Times, a spokesman for WADA, James Fitzgerald, said that it was inaccurate to say that the agency planned to bar Dr. Gupta or to say that its top officials, its president Witold Banka and its longtime general secretary, Olivier Niggli, had concluded that the doctor had a conflict of interest.

在回答时报的问题时，世界反兴奋剂机构的发言人詹姆斯·菲茨杰拉德表示，该机构计划禁止古普塔参会的说法，以及该机构的高级官员、主席维托尔德·班卡和长期担任总干事的奥利维尔·尼格利得出结论认为古普塔存在利益冲突的说法，都是不准确的。

At Thursday’s meeting, members of WADA’s executive committee will be provided with a copy of a final report into its handling of the Chinese doping cases, written by an independent prosecutor hired by the agency. The prosecutor’s interim conclusions, published before this summer’s Paris Olympics, absolved the agency of any wrongdoing.

在周四的会议上，世界反兴奋剂机构执行委员会的成员将收到一份由该机构聘请的独立检察官撰写的最终报告的副本，内容涉及该机构对中国兴奋剂案件的处理。检察官在今年夏天的巴黎奥运会之前公布的初步结论，免除了该机构的任何不当行为。

Uneasiness between WADA, Olympic officials and the United States predates the current crisis and stems from the passing of legislation in 2020 that allows U.S. law enforcement to pursue doping cases around the world. It is those powers that most worry global antidoping officials, who have expressed growing concern about the risk of tit-for-tat laws being passed in other countries.

世界反兴奋剂机构、奥林匹克官员和美国之间的不和早在当前的危机之前就已存在，其根源在于2020年美国通过的一项立法允许美国执法部门在世界各地追查兴奋剂案件。最令全球反兴奋剂官员担忧的正是这样的权力，他们日益担心其他国家也会通过针锋相对的法律。

In June, the head of swimming’s governing body was approached by federal investigators while attending U.S. Olympic trials and subpoenaed to provide information related to the China case. The incident has made some international sports officials skittish about traveling to the United States, for fear of being drawn in to criminal cases.

今年6月，世界泳联的负责人在参加美国奥运选赛时被联邦调查人员找到，并被传唤提供与中国案有关的信息。这一事件让一些国际体育官员对前往美国感到不安，担心卷入刑事案件。