纽约时报中文网 - 中英对照版-中英台湾调高前往中国大陆旅游警告级别

Taiwan raised its warning level for travel to China on Thursday, urging its citizens not to visit there unless necessary after Beijing spelled out potential punishments — including execution in extreme cases — for what it called “diehard supporters of Taiwanese independence.”

在北京公布了对所谓“‘台独’顽固分子”可能的惩罚措施——包括在极端情况下执行死刑后，周四，台湾提高了前往中国大陆旅游的警告级别，敦促公民除非必要，不要前往中国大陆。

China regards Taiwan, a democratically governed island of 23 million about 100 miles off the mainland coast, as its territory. It demands that Taiwan ultimately accept unification and has long denounced Taiwanese who oppose its claims to the island.

台湾是一个民主治理的岛屿，拥有2300万人口，距离中国海岸约160公里。中国将其视为自己的领土，要求它最终接受统一，并长期谴责反对中国对台湾拥有主权的台湾人。

Last week, China turned up the pressure, issuing legal guidelines that detailed the steps it might take to punish supporters of Taiwanese self-rule. They came as tensions between U.S.-backed Taiwan and China ratchet ever higher. Last month, Taiwan swore in a new president, Lai Ching-te, who has vowed to preserve democracy on the island and is denounced by Beijing.

上周，中国加大了压力，发布了法律指导方针，详细说明了中国可能采取的措施，以惩罚台湾自治的支持者。与此同时，美国支持的台湾与中国的紧张关系愈演愈烈。上个月，台湾新总统赖清德宣誓就职，他誓言维护台湾的民主制度，受到北京的谴责。

The new rules adopted by China authorize execution for what it describes as exceptionally severe cases of Taiwanese separatism, though the language stops short of saying exactly what actions might constitute a severe offense.

中国通过新规定授权对所谓特别严重的台湾分裂主义案件实施死刑，尽管该规定没有具体说明哪些行为可能构成严重罪行。

In response, Taiwan’s Mainland Affairs Council, which deals with policy toward the mainland, said Beijing had “raised the risk to personal safety for nationals traveling to China, Hong Kong and Macau” by “clinging to its own position” on Taiwan.

作为回应，负责大陆政策的台湾陆委会表示，北京在台湾问题上“一意孤行”，“进一步提高国人赴陆港澳之人身安全风险”。

The new president, Mr. Lai, criticized the new rules. “China has no right to sanction Taiwanese people for their political opinions or pursue prosecution across borders,” he said on social media earlier this week. “Democracy is not a crime; autocracy is what’s truly malicious.”

新总统赖清德批评了这些新规定。“中国无权因为台湾人的政治观点而制裁他们，也无权跨境起诉他们，”本周早些时候，他在社交媒体上表示。“民主不是犯罪；专制才是真正的恶。”

Mr. Lai called on China to engage in dialogue, and has stopped short of calling for Taiwanese independence. He says he wants to preserve the status quo, with Taiwan enjoying autonomous governance.

赖清德呼吁中国进行对话，并没有呼吁台湾独立。他说，他希望保持现状，让台湾享有自治。

Beijing, however, has denounced Mr. Lai, declaring him a separatist and greeting his new government with inflammatory rhetoric and a flurry of military exercises near the island.

然而，北京谴责赖清德，宣称他是分裂分子，并以煽动性的言论和在台湾岛附近举行的一系列军事演习来迎接他的新政府。

Despite Beijing’s escalating antagonism and its military muscle-flexing, many Taiwanese appear sanguine. A recent poll showed that most people on the island believe that the United States would intervene should China invade, but some question whether Washington and their own government have nettled Beijing needlessly.

尽管北京的对抗和军力展示不断升级，但许多台湾人似乎保持乐观。最近的一项民意调查显示，岛上的大多数人认为，如果中国入侵，美国将进行干预，但一些人质疑华盛顿和台湾政府是否不必要地激怒了北京。

Beijing has a history of detaining people linked to Taiwan.

北京曾扣留过与台湾有关的人员。

In 2023, a Taiwanese-based Chinese citizen, Li Yanhe, who published books critical of the Chinese Communist Party, was charged with crimes against national security. And in 2022, a democracy advocate, Li Ming-che, was released after serving five years in Chinese prison over accusations of subverting the government.

2023年，居住在台湾的中国公民李延贺因出版批评中国共产党的书籍而被控危害国家安全罪。2022年，民主倡导者李明哲在中国监狱服刑五年后获释，罪名是颠覆政府。

A generational gap in travel has also emerged among Taiwanese, fraying ties to the mainland. A 2023 poll showed that travelers over 40 years old were much more likely to visit China than their younger counterparts, who were more likely to visit Japan.

随着与大陆的关系日渐疏远，台湾人在旅游方面也出现了代际差异。2023年的一项民调显示，40岁以上的台湾游客比年轻的游客更倾向于去中国，而年轻游客更倾向于去日本。