英文媒体关于中国的报道汇总 2025-10-20
October 24, 2025 11 min 2132 words
媒体报道摘要： 美国和澳大利亚签署了关键矿产协议，以应对中国在稀土资源方面的优势。协议涉及85亿美元，旨在加强两国在稀土矿产方面的合作，减少对中国稀土的依赖。 中国在贸易战中采取了与美国相似的策略，包括扩大出口管制建立不可靠实体清单等。中国借鉴了美国长期以来的对外贸易政策，并根据自身需求进行调整和应用。 评论： 这两篇报道反映了西方媒体对中国崛起的担忧和警惕。他们将中国视为竞争对手，并试图通过各种手段遏制中国的发展。 首先，报道中存在明显的双重标准。当美国对中国实施出口管制时，西方媒体将其描述为维护国家安全的必要措施。但当中国采取类似的行动时，却被描述为一种威胁和控制全球经济的手段。这种双重标准暴露了西方媒体的偏见和不公正。 其次，报道中存在对中国战略的片面解读。中国在贸易战中采取的策略，是应对美国长期以来对中国实施的贸易限制和制裁。中国借鉴美国政策，是为了维护自身利益和发展权利。然而，报道却将中国描述为模仿者，忽略了中国自身发展的需求和战略考量。 此外，报道中还存在对中国崛起的恐惧和敌意。西方媒体将中国视为威胁，并试图通过各种手段遏制中国的发展。他们将中国的发展视为对自身霸权的挑战，而不是一个促进全球经济发展的机会。 总之，这些报道反映了西方媒体对中国崛起的焦虑和不适应。他们试图通过片面解读和双重标准来抹黑中国，而不是客观公正地报道事实。作为新闻评论员，我们应该保持客观和公正，而不是被西方媒体的偏见所影响。中国的发展是不可阻挡的趋势，西方媒体应该学会适应和接受这一现实，而不是试图通过歪曲事实来阻碍中国的发展。
- US and Australia sign critical-minerals agreement as a way to counter China
- To hit back at the United States in their trade war, China borrows from the US playbook
摘要
1. US and Australia sign critical-minerals agreement as a way to counter China
中文标题：美国和澳大利亚签署关键矿产协议以应对中国
内容摘要：美国总统特朗普与澳大利亚总理阿尔巴尼斯在白宫签署了一项价值85亿美元的关键矿产协议。这项协议旨在借助澳大利亚丰富的稀土资源，减少对中国稀土出口限制的依赖。特朗普表示，未来一年内，美国将获得大量关键矿产，有助于降低全球经济的风险，减少对中国的依赖。阿尔巴尼斯称此协议将提升美澳关系。 此外，中国近期开始要求外国公司在出口含有稀土材料的磁铁时需获得政府批准，这引发了美国的担忧。美国希望与澳大利亚的合作能在未来六个月内投资超过30亿美元，以共同开发关键矿产项目，从而增强供应链安全。然而，专家指出，澳大利亚无法满足美国所有的需求，呼吁美国继续在其他友好国家进行投资。此时，特朗普还提及AUKUS安全协议，表示与澳大利亚的防务合作十分重要。
2. To hit back at the United States in their trade war, China borrows from the US playbook
中文标题：为在贸易战中反击美国，中国借鉴了美国的策略
内容摘要：文章讨论了中国和美国之间的贸易紧张关系，特别是在中国最近扩大稀土出口控制政策方面。中国首次要求外国公司在出口含有中国稀土材料的磁铁时获得政府批准，此政策可能影响全球技术供应链的运作。美国贸易代表表示，这将使中国对全球经济施加更多控制。 文章指出，中国借鉴了美国的“外国直接产品规则”，旨在应对美国之前实施的出口管制。此外，中国在近几年内通过了一系列法律以应对外部制裁和贸易冲突，包括“不可靠实体清单”和反制裁法。 观察者认为，中国正在学习并采用美国的制裁工具，以更有效地应对贸易摩擦。然而，这种策略也面临风险，因为一方的“对等”回应可能被另一方视为升级冲突，最终两国都可能受害。
US and Australia sign critical-minerals agreement as a way to counter China
https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-anthony-albanese-submarine-australia-trade-7db18e2b942176623dcad283bfad3a6c2025-10-20T16:14:25Z
WASHINGTON (AP) — President Donald Trump and Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese signed a critical-minerals deal at the White House on Monday as the U.S. eyes the continent’s rich rare-earth resources when China is imposing tougher rules on exporting its own critical minerals abroad.
The two leaders described the agreement as an $8.5 billion deal between the allies. Trump said it had been negotiated over several months.
“In about a year from now we’ll have so much critical mineral and rare earth that you won’t know what to do with them,” said Trump, a Republican, boasting about the deal. “They’ll be worth $2.”
Albanese added that the agreement takes the U.S.-Australia relationship “to the next level.”
Earlier this month, Beijing announced that it will require foreign companies to get approval from the Chinese government to export magnets containing even trace amounts of rare-earth materials that originated from China or were produced with Chinese technology. The Trump administration says this gives China broad power over the global economy by controlling the tech supply chain.
“Australia is really, really going to be helpful in the effort to take the global economy and make it less risky, less exposed to the kind of rare earth extortion that we’re seeing from the Chinese,” Kevin Hassett, the director of the White House’s National Economic Council, told reporters Monday morning ahead of Trump’s meeting with Albanese.
Hassett noted that Australia has one of the best mining economies in the world, while praising its refiners and its abundance of rare earth resources. Among the Australian officials accompanying Albanese are ministers overseeing resources and industry and science, and Australia has dozens of critical minerals sought by the U.S. because they are needed in everything from fighter jets and electric vehicles to laptops and phones.
A push for more mines
The agreement could have an immediate impact on rare earth supplies in the United States if American companies can secure some of what Australian mines are already producing, although it will take years — if not decades — to develop enough of a supply of rare earths outside of China to reduce their dominance.
Pini Althaus, who founded USA Rare Earth back in 2019 and is now working to develop new mines in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan as CEO of Cove Capital, said it will be crucial that the contracts to buy materials from Australian mines include price floors, similar to what the U.S. government promised MP Materials this summer, to protect against China manipulating prices.
For decades, China has used the tactic of dumping excess critical minerals onto the market to drive prices down to force mining companies in the rest of the world out of business to eliminate any competition.
“Taking away that arrow of China’s to be able to manipulate pricing is a crucial first step for Australia and the West to be able to develop critical minerals projects to meet our demands,” said Althaus, who has spent nearly a quarter-century in the mining business.
The agreement underscores how the U.S. is using its global allies to counter China, especially as it weaponizes its traditional dominance in rare earth materials. Top Trump officials have used the tactics from Beijing as a rallying cry for the U.S. and its allies to work together to try to minimize China’s influence.
“China is a command-and-control economy, and we and our allies will neither be commanded nor controlled,” Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said last week. “They are a state economy and we are not going to let a group of bureaucrats in Beijing try to manage the global supply chains.”
The level of investment outlined in the agreement shows how serious the two nations are about addressing the problem.
“The U.S. and Australia will invest over $3 billion in joint critical minerals projects within six months. That’s a somewhat unprecedented speed of capital injection,” said Gracelin Baskaran, director of the Critical Minerals Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington.
But Althaus cautioned that Australia can’t supply everything the United States needs, so it is crucial that American continues to invest in the long-term effort to develop other mining and processing projects both at home and in friendly nations. He said central Asia might be one of the most promising places to invest because the region has significant rare earth reserves, and the Soviet Union already did some of the initial development work when it controlled that territory. That could cut years off the time it will take to build a new mine there.
“Keep in mind, China has almost a 40-year head start on us,” Althaus said. “We have at least a couple of decades to catch up to China in terms of being able to meet our own supply chain processes.”
Albanese’s visit comes just before Trump is planning to meet with Chinese President Xi Jinping in South Korea later this month.
The security partnership
Another topic of discussion was AUKUS, a security pact with Australia, the U.S. and the United Kingdom that was signed during U.S. President Joe Biden’s Democratic administration.
Trump noted Monday that AUKUS was established “a while ago” but that the agreement now is “moving along very rapidly, very well.” Albanese said that “our defense and security partnership with AUKUS is so important for us.”
John Phelan, the Navy secretary, said that the U.S. wants to take the original AUKUS framework and improve it for the three signatory countries while clarifying “some of the ambiguity” in it.
“So it should be a win-win for everybody,” Phelan said.
The center-left Albanese was reelected in May and suggested shortly after his win that his party increased its majority by not modeling itself on Trumpism.
“Australians have chosen to face global challenges the Australian way, looking after each other while building for the future,” Albanese told supporters during his victory speech.
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Associated Press writers Josh Funk and Didi Tang contributed to this report.
To hit back at the United States in their trade war, China borrows from the US playbook
https://apnews.com/article/china-trump-tariff-sanction-export-controls-3224a28221243f0569f065a18dd645e22025-10-20T00:01:05Z
WASHINGTON (AP) — China likes to condemn the United States for extending its arm too far outside of its borders to make demands on non-American companies. But when it sought to hit back at the U.S. interests this month, Beijing did exactly the same.
In expanding export rules on rare earths, Beijing for the first time announced it will require foreign firms to obtain approval from the Chinese government to export magnets containing even tiny amounts of China-originated rare earth materials or produced with Chinese technology.
That means a South Korean smartphone maker must ask for Beijing’s permission to sell the devices to Australia if the phones contain China-originated rare earth materials, said Jamieson Greer, the U.S. trade representative. “This rule gives China control over basically the entire global economy in the technology supply chain,” he said.
For anyone familiar with U.S. trade practice, China is simply borrowing a decades-long U.S. policy: the foreign direct product rule. It extends the reach of U.S. law to foreign-made products, and it has been used regularly to restrict China’s access to certain U.S. technologies made outside of the United States, even when they are in the hands of foreign companies.
It is the latest example of Beijing turning to U.S. precedents for tools it needs to stare down Washington in what appears to be an extended trade war between the world’s two largest economies.
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“China is learning from the best,” said Neil Thomas, a fellow on Chinese politics at Asia Society Policy Institute’s Center for China Analysis. “Beijing is copying Washington’s playbook because it saw firsthand how effectively U.S. export controls could constrain its own economic development and political choices.”
He added: “Game recognizes game.”
The idea goes back to at least 2018
It was in 2018, when President Donald Trump launched a trade war with China, that Beijing felt the urgency to adopt a set of laws and policies that it could readily deploy when new trade conflicts arise. And it looked to Washington for ideas.
Its Unreliable Entity List, established in 2020 by the Chinese Ministry of Commerce, resembles the U.S. Commerce Department’s “entity list” that restricts certain foreign companies from doing businesses with the U.S.
In 2021, Beijing adopted the anti-foreign sanction law, allowing agencies such as the Chinese Foreign Ministry to deny visas and freeze the assets of unwelcome individuals and businesses — similar to what the U.S. State Department and the U.S. Department of Treasury can do.
Calling it a toolkit against foreign sanctions, intervention and long-arm jurisdiction, the state-run news agency China News in a 2021 news report cited an ancient Chinese teaching, saying Beijing would be “hitting back with the enemy’s methods.”
The law “has combed through relevant foreign legislation and taken into consideration the international law and the basic principles of international relations,” said the Chinese scholar Li Qingming as quoted in the news report. He also said it could deter the other side from escalating.
Other formal measures Beijing has adopted in the past several years include expanded export controls and foreign investment review tools.
Jeremy Daum, a senior research scholar in law and senior fellow at Yale Law School’s Paul Tsai China Center, said Beijing often draws from foreign models in developing its laws in non-trade, non foreign-related areas. As China seeks capabilities to retaliate in kind in trade and sanctions, the tools are often “very parallel” to those of the U.S., he said.
Both governments also have adopted a “holistic view of national security,” which expands the concept to justify restrictions on each other, Daum said.
Things accelerated this year
When Trump launched his trade war with China shortly after he returned to the White House earlier this year, Beijing readily deployed its new tools in addition to raising tariffs to match those imposed by the U.S. president.
In February, in response to Trump’s first 10% tariff on China over allegations that Beijing failed to curb the flow of chemicals used to make fentanyl, the Chinese Commerce Ministry put PVH Group, which owns Calvin Klein and Tommy Hilfiger and the biotechnology company Illumina, on the unreliable entity list.
That barred them from engaging in China-related import or export activities and from making new investments in the country. Beijing also announced export controls on tungsten, tellurium, bismuth, molybdenum and indium, which are elements critical to the production of modern high-tech products.
In March, when Trump imposed the second 10%, fentanyl-related tariff, Beijing placed 10 more U.S. firms on its unreliable entity list and added 15 U.S. companies to its export control list, including aerospace and defense companies like General Dynamics Land Systems and General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, among others, asserting that they “endanger China’s national security and interests.”
Then came the so-called “Liberation Day” tariffs in April, when Beijing not only matched Trump’s sky-high tariff of 125% but also blacklisted more U.S. companies and announced export controls on more rare earth minerals. That led to a pause in the shipment of magnets needed in manufacturing a wide range of products such as smartphones, electric vehicles, jet planes and missiles.
While the new tools have allowed China to stare down the United States, Daum said they are not without risks.
“The dangers in such a facially balanced and fair approach are, one, what one side sees as reciprocity the other might interpret as escalation,” he said. And second, “in a race to the bottom, nobody wins.”
